Environmental and biological significance of the action of viper poison on the homeostasis of mammals

The article examines the ecological and biological significance of action animal poisons as an evolutionary adaptation that maximizes more than 250,000 species to conditions their habitat. It was found have a significant impact on formation course various forms connections in ecosystems, perform several functions are important biotic factors environment. best-studied venomous animals been be snakes, over 3,800 different species, only small number highly venomous. Viperidae family includes 101 poisonous snakes. In Europe, Vipera ammodytes, aspis, berus, latastei, seoanei ursinii most dangerous bites cause severe poisoning. Ukraine, genus is represented by steppe viper (Vipera renardi (Cristoph, 1861)) two subspecies common berus (Linnaeus, 1758)) — Nikolsky’s nikolskii, Vedmederja Grubant et Rudaeva, 1986). affect diversity composition snake venom given. noted venoms complex mixtures proteins, peptides low molecular weight substances, among which enzymes non-enzymatic components distinguished. properties depend significantly its components, wide range effects general state homeostasis living organism. A generalization scientific data study chemical renardi, nikolskii these functioning mammalian body has carried out. most, least toxic for mammals (mice). effect proteolytic balance individual organs rats evaluated. emphasized toxins great, not yet fully developed potential many fields, therefore they deserve further practical research.